Check to make sure that you have all the campaign maps in your Halo 2 install maps folder. You could be missing a level or have a corrupted/uncompressed map file and it's causing your crash.
It's on by default. If you're getting screen tearing then you turned it off with a launch parameter on your shortcut or you have your FPS limiter at something other than 60.
Showing us a picture of you crashing tells us nothing. You need to upload those dmp files.
You can also try uninstalling the game and reinstalling. That worked for someone that I talked to who crashed with this update. Make sure all the game files are gone before reinstalling.
Do you have a controller plugged in? Maybe a controller remapping program like Joy2Key? Try uninstalling the drivers/programs for those or disconnecting the controller.
Otherwise not sure.